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Laboratory studies test the effectiveness and impacts of various CDR and SRM methods under laboratory settings. By controlling variables, researchers can closely observe ecological responses, carbon sequestration efficiency, and potential side effects. These controlled experiments provide critical data to predict real-world outcomes, refine techniques, and develop monitoring systems, ensuring that any proposed interventions are both effective and environmentally responsible.
Contained field experiments will test CDR and SRM methods in real-world marine settings, while minimising environmental risks (e.g. via mesocosms). These experiments will provide data on ecological impacts, carbon sequestration efficiency, and regional climate effects. By closely monitoring these controlled environments, researchers can refine techniques, validate laboratory findings, and develop reliable monitoring systems, assessing whether interventions would be effective and safe.
Field studies will implement CDR and SRM methods in diverse marine environments to observe their real-world impacts. These studies will provide comprehensive data on ecological effects, carbon sequestration efficiency, and regional climate changes. By monitoring natural settings, researchers can validate laboratory and contained field experiment results, refine techniques, and ensure that interventions are effective, safe, and scalable for broader application.
Natural analog studies will examine existing marine environments that naturally exhibit conditions similar to those created by CDR and SRM methods. By studying these analogs, researchers can gain insights into long-term ecological impacts, carbon sequestration processes, and regional climate effects. These observations help validate laboratory and field experiment findings, refine intervention techniques, and ensure that proposed methods are both effective and environmentally sustainable
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